Peri Prefix Meaning in Biology

Peri Prefix Meaning in Biology The prefix (peri-) implies around, close, encompassing, covering, or encasing. It is gotten from the Greek peri for about, close, or around. Words That Begin With Peri Perianth (peri-anth): The external piece of a bloom that encases its regenerative parts is known as the perianth. The perianth of a bloom remembers the sepals and petals for angiosperms. Pericardium (peri-cardium): The pericardium is the membranous sac that encompasses and ensures the heart. This three-layered film serves to keep the heart set up in the chest hole and forestalls over-extension of the heart. Pericardial liquid, which is situated between the center pericardial layer (parietal pericardium) and the deepest pericardial layer (instinctive pericardium), assists with lessening contact between pericardial layers. Perichondrium (peri-chondrium): The layer of sinewy connective tissue that encompasses ligament, barring ligament toward the finish of joints, is called perichondrium. This tissue covers ligament in structures of the respiratory framework (trachea, larynx, nose, and epiglottis), just as ligament of the ribs, external ear, and sound-related cylinders. Pericranium (peri-head): The pericranium is a film that covers the external surface of the skull. Additionally called the periosteum, it is the deepest layer of the scalp that spreads bone surfaces aside from at the joints. Pericycle (peri-cycle): Pericycle is plant tissue that encompasses vascular tissue in roots. It starts the improvement of horizontal roots and is likewise associated with auxiliary root development. Periderm (peri-derm): The external defensive plant tissue layer that encompasses roots and stems is the periderm or bark. The periderm replaces the epidermis in plants that experience auxiliary development. Layers making the periderm incorporate plug, stopper cambium, and phelloderm. Peridium (peri-dium): The external layer that covers the spore-bearing structure in numerous parasites is known as the peridium. Contingent upon the contagious species, the peridium might be slight or thick with somewhere in the range of one and two layers. Perigee (peri-well): The perigee is the point in the circle of a body (moon or satellite) around the Earth where it is closest to the focal point of the Earth. The circling body ventures quicker at perigee than at some other point in its circle. Perikaryon (peri-karyon): Also known as cytoplasm, the perikaryon is the entirety of the substance of a cell encompassing however barring the core. This term likewise alludes to the cell body of a neuron, barring the axons and dendrites. Perihelion (peri-helion): The point in the circle of a body (planet or comet) around the sun where it comes nearest to the sun is known as the perihelion. Perilymph (peri-lymph): Perilymph is the liquid between the membranous maze and hard maze of the internal ear. Perimysium (peri-mysium): The layer of connective tissue that wraps skeletal muscle strands into packs is called perimysium. Perinatal (peri-natal): Perinatal alludes to the timespan happening around the hour of birth. This period ranges from around five months before birth to one month after birth. Perineum (peri-neum): The perineum is the zone of the body situated between the rear-end and genital organs. This district ranges from the pubic curve to the tail bone. Periodontal (peri-odontal): This term actually implies around the tooth and is utilized to indicate tissues that encompass and bolster teeth. Periodontal illness, for instance, is an infection of the gums that can extend from minor gum irritation to genuine tissue harm and tooth misfortune. Periosteum (peri-osteum): The periosteum is a double layered film that covers the external surface of bones. The external layer of the periosteum is thick connective tissue framed from collagen. The internal layer contains bone-creating cells called osteoblasts. Peristalsis (peri-stalsis): Peristalsis is the planned constriction of smooth muscle around substances inside a cylinder that moves the substance along the cylinder. Peristalsis happens in the stomach related tract and in cylindrical structures, for example, the ureters. Peristome (peri-stome): In zoology, the peristome is a film or structure that encompasses the mouth in certain spineless creatures. In natural science, peristome alludes to little members (taking after teeth) that encompass the opening of a case in greeneries. Peritoneum (peri-toneum): The double layered film coating of the midsection that encases stomach organs is known as the peritoneum. The parietal peritoneum lines the stomach divider and the instinctive peritoneum covers the stomach organs. Peritubular (peri-cylindrical): This term depicts a place that is adjoining or encompasses a tubule. For instance, the peritubular vessels are small veins that are situated around nephrons in the kidneys.

Myocardial Infarction Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Myocardial Infarction - Research Paper Example The zone denied of blood gracefully is said to have endured ischemic injury. The ischemic injury, if sufficiently extreme to cause the total square of oxygen and supplements causes demise of the heart tissue, which is named as Myocardial Infarction (Guyton et al 200, Ganong 2005). Pathophysiology The veins providing the heart are called coronary courses. There are three fundamental coronary corridors which flexibly various territories of heart alongside their branches. These are 1) Right coronary corridor, 2) Left front diving vein, 3) Left circumflex supply route. Above 90% instances of myocardial dead tissue happen because of coronary supply route blockage, in this way the ailment is additionally alluded to as coronary vein malady (CAD). The most widely recognized and perilous reason for coronary conduit check, and in this way MI is Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis alludes to the narrowing of courses on account of collection of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are essentially thrombi made out of lipid froth cells (cholesterol) and diverse cell parts including smooth muscle, macrophages and collagen strands. In many occasions, the ischemic myocardial localized necrosis is encouraged by the wonder called intense plaque change. Intense plaque change results from the break of prior thrombi that somewhat impede the lumen. The break uncovered the fundamental thrombogenic endothelium. The plaques are additionally named as powerless plaques as they contain lipids in high sums, alongside collagen strands and provocative cells. When cracked, the reactivity of these parts causes the fiery destabilization and result in the dead tissue (Libby P 2001). The intense stage reactant, C responsive protein (CRP) is along these lines seen as high during the intense myocardial localized necrosis (Blake et al 2003). The dead tissue can happen in both of the two examples, complete impediment of a solitary coronary vein alluded to as transmural infarct, which brings about compl ete ischemia of the zone provided by that specific coronary supply route. Subendocardial infarcts then again impede the supply routes not entirely, and therefore permit some perfusion. Be that as it may, since subendocardium is the least scrutinized region of the myocardium, it is progressively inclined to ischemic demise. The point of reperfusion is to spare the feasible muscle from putrefaction (Huber et al 1996). The myocardial injury is reversible for as long as 30 minutes after the ischemic assault, from that point the injury gets irreversible. The whole muscle gets necrotic inside six hours, if the guarantee conduits are not very much evolved (Robbins et al 2005, Mohan 2007). Etiology of Myocardial Infarction The improvement of atherosclerotic plaques and pathogenesis of the procedure into the myocardial dead tissue is a perplexing one. It is an interminable malady taking a long time to advance before it brings on any modifiable outcomes. The evolvement is inconspicuous and th e resultant harm is extreme. The pathogenesis of the malady includes a few elements. The equalization among these elements over the long haul decides the result of the condition. These variables can either be modifiable or non-modifiable. The modifiable elements are the ones that an individual can control by realizing certain changes. They remember controlling the degree of fats for diet, end of smoking, ordinary exercise and keeping up the circulatory strain in the typical range (Manson et al 1996). The hyperlipidemias, for example raised low thickness

The Benefits of Being Adaptable

The Benefits of Being Adaptable Every invention or tool ever created by mankind to attain our current stage of development is possible due to one single outlying factor â€" Evolution.According to Biology, humans evolved at a rapid rate largely due to their overwhelming need to adapt and survive while dominating other species.Without adaptation, we’d still be living in caves with our trusty wooden clubs to hammer down prey.Today, adaptability continues to be a powerful driving force in creating inspiring leaders and successful organizations.At Cleverism, we’d like to demonstrate the importance of acquiring this valuable skillset â€" both personal and professionalWHY IS ADAPTABILITY SO IMPORTANT TO US?Life is a series of events that happen unexpectedly around us. Unlike a feature film, we aren’t informed of the circumstances that we end up in and each experience affects us either â€" positively or negatively.An adaptable mindset allows us to tackle uncertain life events and embrace the change that comes with it .When we’re adaptable, we create a barrier of resilience to control our emotions in an optimistic manner.For example â€" Imagine you’re out for a walk at night around your neighborhood. As you walk a few paces, the streetlights begin to flicker and completely blacken out, leaving you in pitch darkness. This situation can be spine-chilling and leave you open to physical assault or a fatal accident from an incoming vehicle. With the right presence of mind, you can adapt to save yourself with the following options â€"Use your smartphone to call and alert a nearby neighbor or family member to bring a flashlightUsing your smartphone’s inbuilt flashlight feature, navigate yourself out of the darkness If you’re near the highway, grab the attention of an oncoming car by waving your hands or calling out to them in hopes of receiving a lift.In this situation, you realize that your survival depended on navigating out of the darkness. Your clear-headedness to deal with the situation wit hout panic is considered adaptability.Adaptability lets you tackle challenges that seem impossible at first. Finding a solution to work things out in an unprepared scenario is a serious life skill that every human must arm themselves with.Adaptability can be the difference between life and death. 3 FAMOUS PERSONALITIES THAT DEMONSTRATE THE POWER OF ADAPTABILITYSuccess is synonymous with adaptation. It’s no wonder many celebrities are so flexible with their schedules and are often found at various venues throughout the globe at any given time.Successful people understand that to enjoy a life of fulfillment they must sacrifice their static lifestyle to shift themselves to a more dynamic approach.Here are 3 such prosperous individuals that have completely changed their careers and mindsets to enjoy a rewarding life.1. Ken Jeong (Actor, Physician, Comedian)Ken Jeong is a well-known name in the movie business, famed for ‘The Hangover’ franchise. But before he was known as the funny Asian man in modern sitcoms and movies, Ken Jeong was a practicing physician.That’s right â€" who’d ever think that your family doctor could become one of the leading men in prime-time comedy.Ken Jeong never had any ambitions for acting. According to his own words, he states â€" “I never performed theater in high school. I never wanted to be an actor.”What changed?Ken Jeong performed comedy skits to his colleagues over at Ochsner Medical Center as a hobby. With the positive response, Ken Jeong decided to evolve his craft and performed standup comedy at popular clubs. He discovered he had a natural ability to make people laugh and decided to try his gig in Hollywood.The rest is history.The transformation from a career in medicine to that of an award-winning comedian was possible due to Ken Jeong’s effortless adaptability.2. Arnold Schwarzenegger (Actor, Politician, Bodybuilder, Businessman)Undoubtedly, the most famous action hero for over 3 decades. Arnold Schwarzenegger i s arguably the world’s most adaptable celebrity.From a young age, Arnold had to deal with a tough life growing up in a war-stricken environment in Austria, during the 2nd world war.Arnold’s parents wanted him to follow in his father’s footsteps and become a police officer. But he had other long-term plans and decided to become a bodybuilder by sneaking out of the military camp that he was enlisted in.He’d travel long distances to participate in bodybuilding events and make it back without any of his superior officers finding out about his tryst for fitness.He eventually went on to become Mr. Olympia and dominated the international bodybuilding podium 7 more times.But Arnold wasn’t done yet. He decided to give acting a shot. During his initial auditions, many directors felt his last name was long and tough to pronounce. His accent was snubbed for being heavy and didn’t fit the ‘Hollywood’s leading man’ image.However, Arnold continued to audition until he got his big break as the famous ‘T-850’ â€" The futuristic cyborg in the ‘Terminator’ franchise. The heavy Austrian accent complimented his voice acting so much that he had become an overnight superstar.Arnold adapted and made his weaknesses his strengths and began an unforgettable journey to stardom. His long name became an instant hit in the households and his accent was emulated by many young actors for years to come.Arnold made his foray into politics and became the governor of California in 2003.Today, at the age of 72, he continues to juggle between his many roles and credits ‘Adaptability’ as his sole reason for success in various professions.3. Jared Leto (Actor, Musician, Angel Investor, Fashion Model)Jared Leto is a leading man in Hollywood that is known for his eccentric and quirky choices in Hollywood unlike traditional roles like his contemporaries.Because of his extremely versatile nature in acting and his ability to adapt to each role, he won himself an Oscar for the movie ‘Dallas Buyers Club’ for depicting transgender suffering from HIV.Apart from his adaptability in his acting roles, Jared invests his time as a musician. He’s the frontman and founder of the band â€" ‘Thirty Seconds to Mars’ along with his brother Shannon Leto. The band has won numerous music awards from MTV and other international music circuits.Jared Leto is known for his exquisite fashion sense and carved himself a niche as a popular fashion model walking the ramps for leading brands like Gucci.More recently, Jared Leto has utilized his inner creativity and entered the business world. Leto has invested in several startups such as Zenefits, The Hive, VyRT, and others.At the age of 42, where most people are still struggling to cope with a single career option, Jared Leto seems to conquer every profession that he infiltrates.His mantra to success in his own words is “I hate wasting time and I’m obsessed with efficiency”. Leto believes in creativity and continuo us change as an actor to avoid being typecast into the same role.BENEFITS OF ADAPTABILITY IN THE WORKPLACEWhen we refuse to embrace adaptability, we remain in the “Caterpillar” stage for the rest of our lives. We are slow, open to being squished by a giant boot, and we remain in the one shade of black forever.The world has metamorphosized and to survive we need to build our own cocoons and let our colorful wings fly us to new heights that were previously unattainable.Survival in the workplace uses the same philosophy Adaptability.Gone are days where work environments remained constant for decades. With the dawn of the information age, a new aspect called ‘Workplace Culture’ emerges.Workplace culture requires employees to work together to come to a solution or brainstorm new ideas with inner creativity to evoke the personality that your company will be known for.With workplace culture, adapting to change is no longer optional but a necessity.Job interviewers highlight the im portance of flexibility over-specialization when recruiting. Organizations are open to hiring individuals that are good at several roles over someone who’s efficient in just one area.Let’s breakdown the various adaptable factors that top companies look for in their candidates in the current professional world.1. Handling Workload PressureAre you able to perform overtime duties?Can you stay back late to finish your ongoing project?Are you prepared to forgo your weekend plans to ensure the company has a smooth launch?If your answer is No to the above questions, you’ll have a difficult time adjusting to the modern requirements of elite corporations.The ability to handle work pressure is a critical skill for organizations when recruiting. If you’re someone who’ll crash under pressure, consider yourself being laid off in the next downsizing period.However, if you pull together your disciplinary skills and make it past the storm, you’re rewarded with a host of benefits. Some o f which are.Being among the established batch of employees with a high payrollEnjoying a comfortable work-life balanceOpportunities for grand promotionsGateway to high-quality projectsAccess to high profile clientele2. Acceptance to TrendsLet’s face it, the world around us is changing with every passing minute.From the time you purchase your latest smartphone, the next upgrade to your device has already rolled out.This creates an increasingly fast-paced professional world with ever-increasing trends.If you or your organization have a difficult time accepting the new direction to evolve your products, you’ll be left behind.Customers are smarter and more decisive than before. Unless you’re on top of the food chain with the latest quality of life changes, expect to have a rat race at the bottom.There’s a reason successful companies like Apple and Microsoft continue to dominate their market for decades.Take Apple for example â€" Every latest version of the iPhone comes with a ne w feature such as â€" bezel-less screen, wireless ear pods, slimmer devices, non-heating pads, high-quality camera, etc.And Microsoft provided ‘Windows 10’ â€"  their latest operating system for free during launch. In the past, an operating system would cost a bomb, today, with rising trends and the need for adaptability, companies such as Microsoft have provided their product for free.Organizations aren’t afraid to experiment and risk more today than they did in the past.As an employee, it’s necessary to leave yourself open to new trends and take in the change without emotions altering your decision. New age employees are trained to accept change by the hour and are quick to respond to these challenges.The benefits for such employees include â€"Ability to quickly solve problems due to open-mindednessAn adaptive mind keeps you alert with the rapid changes to your companyHighly trained and responsive behaviorExtremely sought after by elite organizationsChanging trends equals expansive knowledge in the long-term3. Prioritize Important EventsWhen you’re adaptable, you’re naturally more decisive when it comes to the critical aspects of your professional life. Adaptive people are always looking to solve active problems instead of delving around the mistakes of the past.Adaptive people always take time to identify a “worst-case scenario” to any task they perform to avoid troubleshooting.Identifying with your priorities is key to a successful career.Let’s take a sample worksheet to demonstrate how to prioritize your daily events in a responsible and adaptive manner.The following worksheet lists 9 daily tasks that need to be completed in the order of high-to-low priority. The tasks are divided into 3 sections â€" Critical, Important, and Useful.Critical Ensure board members and senior faculty are notified of the presentation via email (9 a.m.) Prepare video presentation for Japanese business delegates (11 a.m.) Send out the advertising campaign idea to your marketing team (4 p.m.)Critical events must come with a time frame and should always be your main priority.Important Escalate all outstanding customer complaints to senior management Create a checklist on Excel of all milestones achieved in this month (requested by John Mason, Senior Manager) Schedule meetings via phone calls towards recent business prospects (Heimdall Enterprises, Skyridge Inc.)Important tasks have no time frame but are crucial. These tasks should strictly be completed only after the Critical section is taken care of.Useful Negotiate salary raise with your boss or manager Discuss recent survey feedback with your colleagues and come up with a solution to solve ongoing customer crisis Notify management to refill ink cartridges for printer #4Useful tasks are the last stage of the priority list. These tasks should be given the least attention. Complete these at your convenience but before your workday ends.Since your daily tasks change every day, your ability allows you to prioritize at a high rate without compromising any loss of time. An efficient employee is always noticed and rewarded.4. Efficient Leadership Even if you’re an employee today. Being adaptable, allows you to become a better leader should you decide to wear the mantle.A demanding quality for leadership is being open-minded. And one can only be open-minded if they are ready to tackle change and accept opinions that aren’t favorable to their own. In short, adaptiveness.An adaptive leader sets the example for their coworkers and guides them as a role model.According to an article by ToolsHero, adaptive leadership is broken down into 4 categories.Leading with Empathy Leaders share knowledge and ideas in a group and in turn the group shares their own resources with the team. This allows everyone to communicate with empathy. The leaders reward their employees with incentives and the employees provide their best work in return to the organization.Win-win situationsRevenue g rowth is the last thing on an adaptive leader’s mindset. This type of leader is more focused on creating a winning environment for everyone â€" the stakeholders, clients, employees, and their own.New Approaches As we’ve discussed throughout this article, new directions are something an adaptive leader possesses. The leader infuses their team with a range of opportunities and isn’t afraid of changing their traditional procedures to match.Experimentation It’s no surprise that with adaptation, comes unfamiliar turf. An adaptive leader must navigate their way through the swamp of uncertainty to achieve success. Most times an experimental strategy ends with disappointment but when the strategy proves to be a winner, the leader enjoys unparalleled success.Natalie Fratto demonstrates how to measure and improve your inner adaptability. HOW ADAPTABLE ARE YOU? TAKE THIS QUIZ TO FIND OUTIf there was a way to measure your adaptive rating, you’re probably left wondering â€" Just how ad aptable you are compared to your coworkers?Fret not, we’ve prepared a quiz that gives you a basic understanding of how flexible you are.Answer the following questions to the best of your knowledge and truthfully to receive an accurate analysis at the end.1. ‘People are evil, and I hate socializing’.How true is this statement?Very TrueSometimes but not alwaysFalse. I think people are important to talk to2. Your company has recently rolled out a new training program for its employees.Your thoughts?What a pain in the….I guess at some point someone had to do somethingFinally! Just when I was getting bored with coming to work3. ‘I am not afraid to jump ship if my company decides to change its work culture’.Does this statement ring a bell to your beliefs?Nah. I don’t care about work culture; I just hate the whole process of shifting to a new job.It depends on the new work culture. If I like it, I’ll stay or it’s the highway.Work culture defines the company’s personalit y. Changing it complicates everything and I wont stand for such companies.4. A recruit just joined your workplace. He comes to you with the following statement. ‘Hello, my name is Carl, I’m new in sales. Can you take the time to show me the basics?’.Your response to this would be?“Hey Carl. No hard feelings but I am not the right guy to help you out. Claire Sasha in Networking is more than happy to show you around.”“Nice to meet you, Carl. I am currently under a lot of work pressure to help. Maybe next week?”“Glad to have you here, Carl. It’s my pleasure to show you the ropes. Let’s start with the office tour first.”5. ‘On your way to work, you discover that your daily route is diverted due to construction.’ How do you express your feelings?Hurl the juiciest expletives at the construction workers and give them a piece of your mind. After all, they are the reason you are late to work!“What if I lose my way and end up being kidnapped by a hostile tribe by taking a new unfamiliar route?”“Wow! The new route is so much better than the old one. I’m glad I got a chance to try it with the road being closed and all.”That wraps up the questionnaire. Wasn’t so bad now, was it?Now let’s see how you fared.Mostly A’s. Life isn’t appealing to you, not with the constant changes happening around you. You’re not open to adaptability and while being old-fashioned has its nostalgic joys, you’ll have a tough time adjusting to modern work ethics and their requirements. Adaptability is strictly recommended.Mostly B’s. You do your best to survive. You’re open to the concept of adaptability but don’t fully embrace it either. You enjoy the same routine while other times, the decade-old wall paint in your workplace begins to annoy you.Mostly C’s. If you were a color, you’d be the rainbow. You are extremely adaptable and take in every change with a smile on your face. You don’t just accept change, you desire it. You’re a w elcome breath of fresh air for every company that is lucky to have you. Great job!CONCLUSIONAn anxious hunter always misses his mark due to the presence of doubt, while an adaptable hunter takes home the prized hunt of the day.Which one would you prefer to be today?Adaptability is the vaccination against a repetitive lifestyle. And change is here to stay.Was there a challenging decision that you took that changed your life for the better? Do share it with us in the comments below.

The Benefits of Being Adaptable

The Benefits of Being Adaptable Every invention or tool ever created by mankind to attain our current stage of development is possible due to one single outlying factor â€" Evolution.According to Biology, humans evolved at a rapid rate largely due to their overwhelming need to adapt and survive while dominating other species.Without adaptation, we’d still be living in caves with our trusty wooden clubs to hammer down prey.Today, adaptability continues to be a powerful driving force in creating inspiring leaders and successful organizations.At Cleverism, we’d like to demonstrate the importance of acquiring this valuable skillset â€" both personal and professionalWHY IS ADAPTABILITY SO IMPORTANT TO US?Life is a series of events that happen unexpectedly around us. Unlike a feature film, we aren’t informed of the circumstances that we end up in and each experience affects us either â€" positively or negatively.An adaptable mindset allows us to tackle uncertain life events and embrace the change that comes with it .When we’re adaptable, we create a barrier of resilience to control our emotions in an optimistic manner.For example â€" Imagine you’re out for a walk at night around your neighborhood. As you walk a few paces, the streetlights begin to flicker and completely blacken out, leaving you in pitch darkness. This situation can be spine-chilling and leave you open to physical assault or a fatal accident from an incoming vehicle. With the right presence of mind, you can adapt to save yourself with the following options â€"Use your smartphone to call and alert a nearby neighbor or family member to bring a flashlightUsing your smartphone’s inbuilt flashlight feature, navigate yourself out of the darkness If you’re near the highway, grab the attention of an oncoming car by waving your hands or calling out to them in hopes of receiving a lift.In this situation, you realize that your survival depended on navigating out of the darkness. Your clear-headedness to deal with the situation wit hout panic is considered adaptability.Adaptability lets you tackle challenges that seem impossible at first. Finding a solution to work things out in an unprepared scenario is a serious life skill that every human must arm themselves with.Adaptability can be the difference between life and death. 3 FAMOUS PERSONALITIES THAT DEMONSTRATE THE POWER OF ADAPTABILITYSuccess is synonymous with adaptation. It’s no wonder many celebrities are so flexible with their schedules and are often found at various venues throughout the globe at any given time.Successful people understand that to enjoy a life of fulfillment they must sacrifice their static lifestyle to shift themselves to a more dynamic approach.Here are 3 such prosperous individuals that have completely changed their careers and mindsets to enjoy a rewarding life.1. Ken Jeong (Actor, Physician, Comedian)Ken Jeong is a well-known name in the movie business, famed for ‘The Hangover’ franchise. But before he was known as the funny Asian man in modern sitcoms and movies, Ken Jeong was a practicing physician.That’s right â€" who’d ever think that your family doctor could become one of the leading men in prime-time comedy.Ken Jeong never had any ambitions for acting. According to his own words, he states â€" “I never performed theater in high school. I never wanted to be an actor.”What changed?Ken Jeong performed comedy skits to his colleagues over at Ochsner Medical Center as a hobby. With the positive response, Ken Jeong decided to evolve his craft and performed standup comedy at popular clubs. He discovered he had a natural ability to make people laugh and decided to try his gig in Hollywood.The rest is history.The transformation from a career in medicine to that of an award-winning comedian was possible due to Ken Jeong’s effortless adaptability.2. Arnold Schwarzenegger (Actor, Politician, Bodybuilder, Businessman)Undoubtedly, the most famous action hero for over 3 decades. Arnold Schwarzenegger i s arguably the world’s most adaptable celebrity.From a young age, Arnold had to deal with a tough life growing up in a war-stricken environment in Austria, during the 2nd world war.Arnold’s parents wanted him to follow in his father’s footsteps and become a police officer. But he had other long-term plans and decided to become a bodybuilder by sneaking out of the military camp that he was enlisted in.He’d travel long distances to participate in bodybuilding events and make it back without any of his superior officers finding out about his tryst for fitness.He eventually went on to become Mr. Olympia and dominated the international bodybuilding podium 7 more times.But Arnold wasn’t done yet. He decided to give acting a shot. During his initial auditions, many directors felt his last name was long and tough to pronounce. His accent was snubbed for being heavy and didn’t fit the ‘Hollywood’s leading man’ image.However, Arnold continued to audition until he got his big break as the famous ‘T-850’ â€" The futuristic cyborg in the ‘Terminator’ franchise. The heavy Austrian accent complimented his voice acting so much that he had become an overnight superstar.Arnold adapted and made his weaknesses his strengths and began an unforgettable journey to stardom. His long name became an instant hit in the households and his accent was emulated by many young actors for years to come.Arnold made his foray into politics and became the governor of California in 2003.Today, at the age of 72, he continues to juggle between his many roles and credits ‘Adaptability’ as his sole reason for success in various professions.3. Jared Leto (Actor, Musician, Angel Investor, Fashion Model)Jared Leto is a leading man in Hollywood that is known for his eccentric and quirky choices in Hollywood unlike traditional roles like his contemporaries.Because of his extremely versatile nature in acting and his ability to adapt to each role, he won himself an Oscar for the movie ‘Dallas Buyers Club’ for depicting transgender suffering from HIV.Apart from his adaptability in his acting roles, Jared invests his time as a musician. He’s the frontman and founder of the band â€" ‘Thirty Seconds to Mars’ along with his brother Shannon Leto. The band has won numerous music awards from MTV and other international music circuits.Jared Leto is known for his exquisite fashion sense and carved himself a niche as a popular fashion model walking the ramps for leading brands like Gucci.More recently, Jared Leto has utilized his inner creativity and entered the business world. Leto has invested in several startups such as Zenefits, The Hive, VyRT, and others.At the age of 42, where most people are still struggling to cope with a single career option, Jared Leto seems to conquer every profession that he infiltrates.His mantra to success in his own words is “I hate wasting time and I’m obsessed with efficiency”. Leto believes in creativity and continuo us change as an actor to avoid being typecast into the same role.BENEFITS OF ADAPTABILITY IN THE WORKPLACEWhen we refuse to embrace adaptability, we remain in the “Caterpillar” stage for the rest of our lives. We are slow, open to being squished by a giant boot, and we remain in the one shade of black forever.The world has metamorphosized and to survive we need to build our own cocoons and let our colorful wings fly us to new heights that were previously unattainable.Survival in the workplace uses the same philosophy Adaptability.Gone are days where work environments remained constant for decades. With the dawn of the information age, a new aspect called ‘Workplace Culture’ emerges.Workplace culture requires employees to work together to come to a solution or brainstorm new ideas with inner creativity to evoke the personality that your company will be known for.With workplace culture, adapting to change is no longer optional but a necessity.Job interviewers highlight the im portance of flexibility over-specialization when recruiting. Organizations are open to hiring individuals that are good at several roles over someone who’s efficient in just one area.Let’s breakdown the various adaptable factors that top companies look for in their candidates in the current professional world.1. Handling Workload PressureAre you able to perform overtime duties?Can you stay back late to finish your ongoing project?Are you prepared to forgo your weekend plans to ensure the company has a smooth launch?If your answer is No to the above questions, you’ll have a difficult time adjusting to the modern requirements of elite corporations.The ability to handle work pressure is a critical skill for organizations when recruiting. If you’re someone who’ll crash under pressure, consider yourself being laid off in the next downsizing period.However, if you pull together your disciplinary skills and make it past the storm, you’re rewarded with a host of benefits. Some o f which are.Being among the established batch of employees with a high payrollEnjoying a comfortable work-life balanceOpportunities for grand promotionsGateway to high-quality projectsAccess to high profile clientele2. Acceptance to TrendsLet’s face it, the world around us is changing with every passing minute.From the time you purchase your latest smartphone, the next upgrade to your device has already rolled out.This creates an increasingly fast-paced professional world with ever-increasing trends.If you or your organization have a difficult time accepting the new direction to evolve your products, you’ll be left behind.Customers are smarter and more decisive than before. Unless you’re on top of the food chain with the latest quality of life changes, expect to have a rat race at the bottom.There’s a reason successful companies like Apple and Microsoft continue to dominate their market for decades.Take Apple for example â€" Every latest version of the iPhone comes with a ne w feature such as â€" bezel-less screen, wireless ear pods, slimmer devices, non-heating pads, high-quality camera, etc.And Microsoft provided ‘Windows 10’ â€"  their latest operating system for free during launch. In the past, an operating system would cost a bomb, today, with rising trends and the need for adaptability, companies such as Microsoft have provided their product for free.Organizations aren’t afraid to experiment and risk more today than they did in the past.As an employee, it’s necessary to leave yourself open to new trends and take in the change without emotions altering your decision. New age employees are trained to accept change by the hour and are quick to respond to these challenges.The benefits for such employees include â€"Ability to quickly solve problems due to open-mindednessAn adaptive mind keeps you alert with the rapid changes to your companyHighly trained and responsive behaviorExtremely sought after by elite organizationsChanging trends equals expansive knowledge in the long-term3. Prioritize Important EventsWhen you’re adaptable, you’re naturally more decisive when it comes to the critical aspects of your professional life. Adaptive people are always looking to solve active problems instead of delving around the mistakes of the past.Adaptive people always take time to identify a “worst-case scenario” to any task they perform to avoid troubleshooting.Identifying with your priorities is key to a successful career.Let’s take a sample worksheet to demonstrate how to prioritize your daily events in a responsible and adaptive manner.The following worksheet lists 9 daily tasks that need to be completed in the order of high-to-low priority. The tasks are divided into 3 sections â€" Critical, Important, and Useful.Critical Ensure board members and senior faculty are notified of the presentation via email (9 a.m.) Prepare video presentation for Japanese business delegates (11 a.m.) Send out the advertising campaign idea to your marketing team (4 p.m.)Critical events must come with a time frame and should always be your main priority.Important Escalate all outstanding customer complaints to senior management Create a checklist on Excel of all milestones achieved in this month (requested by John Mason, Senior Manager) Schedule meetings via phone calls towards recent business prospects (Heimdall Enterprises, Skyridge Inc.)Important tasks have no time frame but are crucial. These tasks should strictly be completed only after the Critical section is taken care of.Useful Negotiate salary raise with your boss or manager Discuss recent survey feedback with your colleagues and come up with a solution to solve ongoing customer crisis Notify management to refill ink cartridges for printer #4Useful tasks are the last stage of the priority list. These tasks should be given the least attention. Complete these at your convenience but before your workday ends.Since your daily tasks change every day, your ability allows you to prioritize at a high rate without compromising any loss of time. An efficient employee is always noticed and rewarded.4. Efficient Leadership Even if you’re an employee today. Being adaptable, allows you to become a better leader should you decide to wear the mantle.A demanding quality for leadership is being open-minded. And one can only be open-minded if they are ready to tackle change and accept opinions that aren’t favorable to their own. In short, adaptiveness.An adaptive leader sets the example for their coworkers and guides them as a role model.According to an article by ToolsHero, adaptive leadership is broken down into 4 categories.Leading with Empathy Leaders share knowledge and ideas in a group and in turn the group shares their own resources with the team. This allows everyone to communicate with empathy. The leaders reward their employees with incentives and the employees provide their best work in return to the organization.Win-win situationsRevenue g rowth is the last thing on an adaptive leader’s mindset. This type of leader is more focused on creating a winning environment for everyone â€" the stakeholders, clients, employees, and their own.New Approaches As we’ve discussed throughout this article, new directions are something an adaptive leader possesses. The leader infuses their team with a range of opportunities and isn’t afraid of changing their traditional procedures to match.Experimentation It’s no surprise that with adaptation, comes unfamiliar turf. An adaptive leader must navigate their way through the swamp of uncertainty to achieve success. Most times an experimental strategy ends with disappointment but when the strategy proves to be a winner, the leader enjoys unparalleled success.Natalie Fratto demonstrates how to measure and improve your inner adaptability. HOW ADAPTABLE ARE YOU? TAKE THIS QUIZ TO FIND OUTIf there was a way to measure your adaptive rating, you’re probably left wondering â€" Just how ad aptable you are compared to your coworkers?Fret not, we’ve prepared a quiz that gives you a basic understanding of how flexible you are.Answer the following questions to the best of your knowledge and truthfully to receive an accurate analysis at the end.1. ‘People are evil, and I hate socializing’.How true is this statement?Very TrueSometimes but not alwaysFalse. I think people are important to talk to2. Your company has recently rolled out a new training program for its employees.Your thoughts?What a pain in the….I guess at some point someone had to do somethingFinally! Just when I was getting bored with coming to work3. ‘I am not afraid to jump ship if my company decides to change its work culture’.Does this statement ring a bell to your beliefs?Nah. I don’t care about work culture; I just hate the whole process of shifting to a new job.It depends on the new work culture. If I like it, I’ll stay or it’s the highway.Work culture defines the company’s personalit y. Changing it complicates everything and I wont stand for such companies.4. A recruit just joined your workplace. He comes to you with the following statement. ‘Hello, my name is Carl, I’m new in sales. Can you take the time to show me the basics?’.Your response to this would be?“Hey Carl. No hard feelings but I am not the right guy to help you out. Claire Sasha in Networking is more than happy to show you around.”“Nice to meet you, Carl. I am currently under a lot of work pressure to help. Maybe next week?”“Glad to have you here, Carl. It’s my pleasure to show you the ropes. Let’s start with the office tour first.”5. ‘On your way to work, you discover that your daily route is diverted due to construction.’ How do you express your feelings?Hurl the juiciest expletives at the construction workers and give them a piece of your mind. After all, they are the reason you are late to work!“What if I lose my way and end up being kidnapped by a hostile tribe by taking a new unfamiliar route?”“Wow! The new route is so much better than the old one. I’m glad I got a chance to try it with the road being closed and all.”That wraps up the questionnaire. Wasn’t so bad now, was it?Now let’s see how you fared.Mostly A’s. Life isn’t appealing to you, not with the constant changes happening around you. You’re not open to adaptability and while being old-fashioned has its nostalgic joys, you’ll have a tough time adjusting to modern work ethics and their requirements. Adaptability is strictly recommended.Mostly B’s. You do your best to survive. You’re open to the concept of adaptability but don’t fully embrace it either. You enjoy the same routine while other times, the decade-old wall paint in your workplace begins to annoy you.Mostly C’s. If you were a color, you’d be the rainbow. You are extremely adaptable and take in every change with a smile on your face. You don’t just accept change, you desire it. You’re a w elcome breath of fresh air for every company that is lucky to have you. Great job!CONCLUSIONAn anxious hunter always misses his mark due to the presence of doubt, while an adaptable hunter takes home the prized hunt of the day.Which one would you prefer to be today?Adaptability is the vaccination against a repetitive lifestyle. And change is here to stay.Was there a challenging decision that you took that changed your life for the better? Do share it with us in the comments below.

The Law of Agency in Malaysia - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3154 Downloads: 27 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Did you like this example? The basic concept of an agency is concerned about the relationship between one person, the principal and another, the agent where a principal entrusts the business to an agent and allows the agent to act on behalf of the principal in dealing with third parties according to Section 135, Contracts Act 1950. For example, Sabrina instructs Ivan to purchase some goods on her behalf, Sabrina is the principal while Ivan is her agent. Therefore, the agent is granted the authority to fulfil his principal’s instruction to deal with third parties. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Law of Agency in Malaysia" essay for you Create order The core of the agency relationship is built on trust. The principal must trust that the agent will work according to the terms of agency agreement and for the benefits of the principal. The principal could suffer loss off money, opportunity and reputation if the agent abuses his authority. Also, the agent must trust that the principal will pay for their work. The law of agency in Malaysia is governed by Part X of the Contracts Act 1950. Anyone can become a principal or an agent as long as the person is age of majority and of sound mind as stated in Section 136 and Section 137, Contracts Act 1950 respectively. Examples of agents including brokers, insurance agents, travel agents, and lawyers. Agents are important in business as they reduce cost to access to market conveniently and effective in sales distribution channel. Thus, an agency can takes effect in two types of contracts. The first contract is made between the principal and the agent who has his authority delegated by the principal to act for and on behalf of the principal. The second contract however is made between the principal and the third party. An agency can be formed in many different ways similar to creating a contract, contract of agency can either be express or implied depending on the circumstances. Express or implied agreement can form an agency contract where no consideration is needed. This also means that the authority of an agent can be expressed or implied. Express authority happens when the principal delivers an oral or written communication stating the nature of authority. The scope of an agent’s express authority is based on the appropriate construction of terms of the agreement. Therefore, instructions from the principal must not be ambiguous as the principal will bound to the terms when the agent had clearly interpreted the instructions in a manner not intended by the principal. For example, in Ireland v Livingston, the instructions from the principal was uncertain and can be interpreted into multiple possible manners. Implied authority however arises when it is inferred from the behaviour of the part ies and the circumstances of the case. The case of Hely-Hutchinson v Brayhead Ltd clearly shown the creation of agency through implication. The Court of Appeal held that Mr Richards had authority to enter into the guarantee implied from the circumstances where he had entered various contracts on behalf of the company previously. For Sarah’s case, she has specifically appointed Ian as her assistant in helping her to manage the art gallery during her business trip. One can say that agency does not exist between Sarah and Ian as written agreement was absent. However, express appointment can be in written or oral form. In order to be effective in appointing an agent, a letter written or words spoken is adequate. In KGN Jaya Sdn Bhd v Pan Reliance Sdn Bhd, the court of Appeal held that the law does not require that an agency agreement must be in writing. Further, no formality is need to conduct express authority according to Heard vs Pilley 1869. The agreement of agency was created under express agreement and express au thority has been delivered from Sarah to Ian when she instructed him to take care of the art gallery. Therefore, an agency is formed between Sarah and Ian when she arranged him to become her assistant. Ian as the assistant of Sarah acted as an agent which involve in negotiation for sales of goods on behalf of Sarah. Sarah also gave specific instructions to Ian that he is not allow to offer any discount on displayed items without consulting her and he is not to purchase any new item without verifying with her. In other words, Ian must seek the approval from Sarah before selling and buying items for the art gallery. Therefore, it is reasonable that no ambiguity shall arise as Sarah’s instructions are directed and interpreted clearly. There are a few duties toward the principal that an agent must follow. According to Section 164, Contracts Act 1950 an agent is bound to conduct the business of his principal according to the instructions given by the principal, or, in the absence of any such instructions, according to the custom which prevails in doing business. As an agent, Ian is bound to comply several duties towards his principal, Sarah. The first one is the duty of fiduciary. This is closely related to the law of trusts as the agent is expected to follow the principal’s instructions with honesty and integrity and to manage the business of the agency carefully with the skills he acquires to avoid making any mistakes in Section 165 of Contracts Act 1950. This can be used to pr otect the principal if the agent abuses his authority. In the case of Parker v McKenna, an agent is required to act for the best interest of the principal because fiduciary relation is referred as a principle â€Å"founded at the highest and truest morality†. If the agent’s action conflicts the interest of the principal’s, then the agent has violated the fiduciary duty. This is shown in the case of Armstrong v Jackson where the agent instead of purchasing shares for the company, he sold his own shares. It was conflicted with the principal’s interest as the principal wanted the lowest price possible. Therefore, Ian’s duty is to manage the art gallery carefully with good faith according to Sarah’s instructions and for the benefits of Sarah while not to make any unnecessary mistakes so that violation of fiduciary duty can be avoided. Next, every agent owes the principal the duty of reasonable care where the agent must take reasonable steps to protect the assets and interests of the principal. Failure to do so will lead to a breach of agent’s duty of reasonable care. For example in Keppel v Wheeler and Another, it was held that the agent was liable to pay the difference of the price of two offers as he ignored the second offer which proposed a higher price. Thus, in Sarah’s case, Ian has the responsibility to take care of Sarah’s assets including all the artwork in the art gallery while dealing with any third parties. In addition, agents also owe the principal the duty of obedience which requires agents to follow all lawful and appropriate instruct ions given by the principal in dealing with third party in the business. Agents will be liable for the damages as result from failing to obey principal’s instructions in accomplishing the purpose of the agency. Related cases including Turpin v Bilton where the agent was liable for the damages of failing to insure the ship while the ship was lost. In addition, in Bostock v Jardine, the agent was liable as he purchase more than what he was instructed. So, it is essential for Ian to follow exactly the instructions from Sarah in managing the art gallery which he must inform and obtain the approval from Sarah if he wants to make any business transactions of selling artwork or buying any items for the art gallery. It is also an important duty for agent to communicate with his principal in order to seek for suitable instructions by using all reasonable methods. Communicating with principal including submitting and informing all information that is relevant to the agency. Even in emergency situations, agents are required to obtain the instructions from the principal before making any decisions without the principal’s knowledge. In Springer v Great western Railway Company, the agent was liable for the damages as he fail to try to contact his principal and he sold the tomatoes. In Sarah’s case, it was straightforward that Ian must communicate with her before purchasing or selling any item for the art gallery according to her instructions. In duty of account, an agent must provide appropriate accounts when it is needed by the principal. Moreover, agents are not allowed to accept secret profits or take bribe in any kind of circumstances. In the case of Graham v Cummings 1904, the shareholder secretly negotiated in order to obtain a higher amount for his stock than other shareholders. The court held that an agent is not allowed to make secret profits without the consent from the principal in a business agency. Other than submitting relevant accounts when needed by the principal and not to create secret profit, an agent is also requires to pay sums received for the principal to the principal. Other duties of agent involved are not to disclose confidential information and not to delegate. When Sarah appointed Ian as her assistant to take care of the art gallery, he is not allowed to delegate the duty to others as the express authority was given to him only. Therefore, it is essential for Ian to perform his duty with diligence as a breach of duty will cause him to be liable for the damages. When an agent owes duties to the principal, in return the principal also owes a few duties to the agent. First of all, the principal must pay commissions as agreed to the agent. The agent has the right to receive it if he has done the job according to the terms in the agency agreement. For example in the case of Miller v Beale (1879), an auctioneer was employed to sell property and he has the right to rece ive his commissions. However, if the agent breach his duty to the principal, the principal may refuse to pay the agent. Marsh v Jelf (1862), a principal employed an auctioneer to sell property but the auctioneer sold it privately without the principal’s knowledge. It was held that the auctioneer has breached his duty to the principal and therefore commission was not entitled for him. Therefore it is the duty of Sarah to pay Ian if he has completed the job scope according to her instructions. Furthermore, the principal is not allowed to prevent the agent from obtaining his commission. Even if the transaction fallen through no fault of the agent, the agent still has the right to earn his commission. In the case of Alpha Trading v Dunnshaw Pattern (1981), an agent was in charge of making a contract for sale of cement between the seller and third party. However the seller failed to deliver and caused a breach to the contract of sale. Then, the commission was never received by the agent. It was held that the principal was liable to pay the agent his commissions. All costs incurred in carrying out the agency relationship, the agent is able to claim from the principal. This was shown in the case of Adams v Morgan (1924) where the agent incurred super tax in his process to following the principal’s instructions. Therefore, indemnity was claimed from the principal. However this is only applicable when the agent has completed authorized transactions within authority delegated from the principal and not available when the loss is due to agent’s own negligence or insolvency. So, Sarah owes the duty to indemnify Ian for performance done in carrying out his authority. An agency can be terminated in an identical steps or methods as in discharging a contract. Mutual agreement from both parties in an agency can terminate the relation of principal and agent. However, in Sarah’s case, she is able to terminate the agency or discharge the contract of ag ency by breach. Contract of agency is said to be terminated based on actions of agent. This can be explain based on Ian’s actions during Sarah’s absence. (i)Ian sold an art work which Sarah was unable to sell for nine years with a discount of 20% Ian’s action to sell this art work may be reasonable as it has been kept in the art gallery for nine years and Sarah has always wanted to sell it but fail to do so. If the customer is willing to purchase that piece of art work, Ian must inform Sarah. In this situation, Ian’s duty was only to negotiate the information regarding the art work with the customer even though he has acted in good faith to sell the art work. As the art work was sold to the customer without the consent from Sarah, Ian has breached the duty to communicate with Sarah which he should have inform Sarah about it. Ian not only sold the art work without communicating with Sarah, he also gave a discount of 20% to the customer. Ian could have been right as he has performed an act of good faith which he sold the art work for the benefit of Sarah as the art work was already kept in the gallery for nine years, but he has breached the duty as an agent when he gave out a 20% discount. It was understood that in Sarah’s instructions included not to give any discounts on displayed items in the gallery. When Ian gave out the 20% discount, he has breached his duty to follow proper instructions given by Sarah to conduct business with third parties. Therefore in this incident, Ian has breach the duty of obedience which is to obey instructions given by Sarah and the duty to communicate Sarah before making any business transactions. (ii)Ian bought a copy of famous art work and sold it as an original piece to Jake In the incident, Ian did not make any effort to communicate with Sarah to verify the buying and selling of that piece of copy art work. Both transaction were done without the consent from Sarah. As the transaction between Ian and Jake was done without the Sarah’s knowledge, Ian will be liable for the consequences and damages as he has breached his duty as an agent to follow Sarah’s instruction. According to Section 168 of Contracts Act 1950, it is the right of principal to repudiate such transactions made by the agent without the consent from the principal. Therefore, Sarah has the right to repudiate transactions made by Ian in buying and selling the copy of the artwork and terminate the agency as Ian has breached his duty. Furthermore, purchasing a fake art work and selling it as an original piece is considered against the law. The punishment shall be determined if Sarah bring the case to the court. (iii)Ian sold an art work which was reserved for another customer and he will obtain 15% of resale of the reserve painting Once again here, Ian has breached the duty of agent as he did not make any effort to communicate with Sarah. Ian should have contacted Sarah to obtain the permission to sell art work then he would not have sold that piece of art work which was reserved for another customer. This is considered as breach of duty to follow principal’s instructions. This time Ian did not give any discount to Amelia, but Sarah found out that he would obtain a profit of 15% of the re sale. Ian is considered as a disloyal agent as he used the agency to make secret profits. Moreover, he has breached the duty of agent which is not to make secret profit according to Section 168. The contract of agency can be terminated as he has committed the breach of duty as an agent. Therefore, in this incident Ian has breached the duty to perform according to Sarah’s instructions and he also committed a breach when he made secret profits for himself using the agency. In general, the conditions of the agency contract between Sarah and Ian are agent must follow instructions given by the principal and communicate and verify with the principal before buying and selling art wor k for the art gallery. It was concluded that the agent has breached condition of an agency contract and the principal has the right to revoke the authority of agent and thereby end the contract of agency. So, Sarah can terminate the agency agreement with Ian. Remedy is the way which the injured party enforces a right or correct a loss. The nature of the breach will determine remedies available to the injured party. The main purpose of remedy is to allow the innocent party to receive monetary compensation. The remedies to Sarah on Ian disobeying instructions are as following: (i)Claim for damages for breach of contract Other than terminating the agreement of agency with Ian, Sarah may also claim damages or losses due to acts of Ian who breached the contract as he failed to perform his job according to Sarah’s specific instructions. Sarah can claim the losses where Ian offered 20% discount to customer. (ii)Recovery of all profit which made by Ian Sarah also has the right to cla im the benefits that obtained by Ian when he dealt with third parties without her consent. It is stated in Section 168 of Contracts Act 1950 that the principal may repudiate the business transaction made by the agent on his own account without the consent from the principal. Furthermore, it is the right of principal to receive the benefits obtained by agent when the agent deals on his own account in the business of agency in Section 169 Contracts Act 1950. Example of cases is Kribbs v Jackson 1957 Pennsylvania Supreme Court case, the agent who is in charge of collecting rent on property owned by the principal has secretly concealed amount of rent collected as his secret profit. It was held that all profits made by the agent belong to the principal. (iii)Refusal to pay the agent commission or other remuneration During Sarah’s absence, Ian has conducted a few business transactions without the consent of Sarah. Ian has breach his duty and therefore Sarah has the right to refuse to pay Ian commission. Ian must also bear all costs incurred in dealing with third party and he is not entitled to claim from the principal. According to Section 171 Contracts Act 1950, an agent is not entitled to collect any remuneration from the principal if the agent is guilty of misconduct in the business of the agency In conclusion, Ian as the agent appointed specifically by Sarah has violated the restriction of authority given by Sarah and caused breach to the agreement of agency. Therefore, Sarah can make decision to terminate the agency contract and can even refuse to pay commission to Ian. Furthermore, Sarah shall bring cases to court for relevant punishment.

Rational Decision Making Model Essay - 1605 Words

Rational Decision Making Model Abstract What is a decision? The word decision can be defined as, â€Å"the act of reaching a conclusion or making up ones mind† (American Heritage, 2000). Essentially, a decision is a choice that an individual or a group of people makes. A decision can be a single action, an entire process, or even just a single spoken word or gesture. Decision-making is one of the defining characteristics of leadership. Making decisions is what managers and leaders are paid to do, and is an integral part of their day’s duties. The affects of decisions can range from minor in consequence to life or career threatening. Regardless of the consequences, it is important to understand when a decision needs to be made and the†¦show more content†¦3). Essentially, the Rational Model requires people to have a clear understanding of the actual problem. Unless the issue is clearly established, the Rational Model can be ineffective. This model also incorporates extensive research, so that all opti ons or alternatives can be brought before the decision-maker(s). The Rational Model is a step-by-step decision-making model. Depending on the source of definition for the Rational Model, it consists of anywhere from four to nine steps that must be taken to reach a comprehensive, educated and effective solution. Basically, the Rational Model can be broken down into four basic steps, which can be further diluted to create the additional three to five steps. Step 1 – Define the Problem The first step of the Rational Model is to define the problem. As stated in the definition, in order for the Rational Model to be effective, the problem or issue needs to be clearly understood. It is imperative to truly understand to source of a problem, not just the symptoms. The MBA program at the University of Houston Victoria provides this example, â€Å"if a member of your staff is impolite to a client on the phone, the problem may not be that your staff member is impolite--it may be that he needs customer service training, or that he is having difficulty coping with the stress that his professional responsibilities involve† (2005). Essentially, the virus needs to be treated, not the cough it causes. Step 2 – GenerateShow MoreRelatedRational Decision Making Model1679 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract What is a decision? The word decision can be defined as, the act of reaching a conclusion or making up ones mind (American Heritage, 2000). Essentially, a decision is a choice that an individual or a group of people makes. A decision can be a single action, an entire process, or even just a single spoken word or gesture. Decision-making is one of the defining characteristics of leadership. Making decisions is what managers and leaders are paid to do, and is an integral part of theirRead MoreThe Rational Decision Making Model1066 Words   |  5 Pageswe do the most. All of these things, both small and large require a process that is commonly referred to as the decision making process. Decisions make up every aspect of our daily lives that is remotely imaginable. One of the most common decision making model is called the, rational decision making model. The first step in the model is to construe the problem or the actual decision to be made. Then, you will identify the information needed for the process to go forth. After that, you will weighRead MoreRational Model Of Decision Making1287 Words   |  6 Pagescompany and will be understood by every employee. The first step within the rational model of decision making is to identify the problem or opportunity at hand. This can be anywhere from customer compliments to turnover of staff or mergers that can take place to hiring a new top executive. This stage is all about making improvements and diagnosing them in the proper way. The second step within the rational model of decision making it to think up alternative solutions. This can be either obvious or creativeRead MoreRational Model Of Decision Making1036 Words   |  5 Pagesand/or how would you apply these to your workplace? Tools for decision making is interesting topic to me. I used probability theory some time using actual values. Often everyone use the probability concept based on the previous experience and knowledge. This the first time came across decision making software. I searched internet about decision making software. Those program leads the user through the steps of the formal decision making process. These days I am looking for Laboratory Management SoftwareRead MoreThe Rational Decision Making Model766 Words   |  4 PagesMost of us have to make decisions from the time we wake up until the time we go to bed at night. Answering questions like what should I eat for breakfast, can I make that yellow light and should I go to the gym or go out for pizza all require us to make a choice or a decision (Robbins, S.P., Judge, T.A., 2009). At work I am challenged with collaborating with managers and other leaders to make decisions based on scenarios and events that occur in the hospital. The challenge when workingRead MoreThe Rational Decision Making Model Essay1796 Words   |  8 Pagesrecommendations of the report. The rational decision making model is utilized to make the best decision possible. â€Å"The rational decision making model is the best-known prescriptive model; the model involves several sequential steps: identifying the problem, determining the goals and objectives, identifying and evaluating alternative policies, choosing from the alternatives, recommending actions, implementation, and evaluation (Smith, 2014).† The use of this model is justified as it provides structureRead MoreDecision Making : The Rational Planning Model969 Words   |  4 PagesThe process of decision-making, and the models used during this process, has long been a focus in the field of Urban Planning. Part of this focus has been a discussion regarding which decision-making model is best suited for this profession. One often employed but highly controversial model for decision-making found in this field is the rational planning model. This model, which was first adopted by planners in the 1950’s and 1960’s, focuses on addressing the problems of cities and their inhabitantsRead MoreRational Decision Making Model Of An Intuitive Model941 Words   |  4 PagesI would use rational decision-making model to assist Catherine in her decision-making. First of all, because a rational decision model provides structure and discipline to the decision making process. In contrast an intuitive model is basically making decisions based on feelings. Catherine cannot afford to make a decision just based on feeling because at this stage in her life, she wants to make a decision that is going to be logical and based on facts. Therefore, Catherine will have full and perfectRead MoreThe Rational Model of Policy Decision Making2813 Words   |  12 PagesLefoko O. Molebatsi (2001) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Public Policy and Policy Analysis: The Rational Model Question: The rational model of public p olicy making, though heavily criticized, is the most widely used and or talked about model. Discuss why. By Lefoko O. Molebatsi (University of Botswana) Instructor: Prof G. S Maipose 2001 1 Selected Essays by Lefoko O. Molebatsi (2001) -----------------------------Read MoreThe Rational Model of Policy Decision Making2827 Words   |  12 PagesLefoko O. Molebatsi (2001) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Public Policy and Policy Analysis: The Rational Model Question: The rational model of public policy making, though heavily criticized, is the most widely used and or talked about model. Discuss why. By Lefoko O. Molebatsi (University of Botswana) Instructor: Prof G. S Maipose 2001 1 Selected Essays by Lefoko O. Molebatsi (2001) -------------------------

The Negative Effects of Beauty Standards - Essay - 2036 Words

Mrs. Doiron ENG 3UL - 03 November 18th, 2014 Influence of the Media Technology and the Internet have become a constant in many people’s lives. The rate at which they have risen is astounding. In December 1995, there were around 16 million people recorded using the Internet. In December 2013, a mere 16 years later, there is around 2 802 million people recorded using it. Media and the Internet go hand in hand. One fuels the other, and the Internet had become a platform for media. In modern society the media exerts so much pressure, that maintaining beauty and youth becomes more important than anything else. Thus, creating a type of self-involvement. This leads to loss of perspective and ultimately, innocence. People of all ages and genders†¦show more content†¦This is just one disgusting example of many that clearly show the malign effect the media has on children. The media is not only affecting the children of today, but it is also creating a type of selfishness in young people, as well as adults. Furthermore, t his selfishness is inadvertently forcing people to make sacrifices, ones that they should not have to make. Young people have an incessant stream of what they should be and look like etched into their minds. These things become so important to them that they are willing to get plastic surgery to change themselves. Dr. Diana Zuckerman has said, In 2003, more than 223 000 cosmetic procedures were performed on patients 18 years of age or younger (Zuckerman). They undertake cosmetic surgeries such as Rhinoplasty, Botox injections, breast augmentation and liposuction. What they do not know, is that doing these procedures can have serious risks. A concern about plastic surgery on adolescents is that their bodies are still maturing. In addition to development that may occur in the late teens, growth charts indicate that the average teenager, particularly girls, gain weight between the ages of 18 and 21 (ASPS Public Relations 14). With this fact in mind, that is likely to change their desi re or need for some of the antecedent cosmetic procedures. With 15% of the population in North American between the ages 13-19 undergoing such procedures, plastic surgery is a fairly drastic measure taken. Given the fact thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s The Bluest Eye1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe little acts of chivalry conducted by men are just prolonged sugary illusions meant to hide the unpleasant truth of women and their strained relationship with the media s’ perception of beauty. Many women who are subjected to society s’ views of beauty often aim to convert to theses said beauty standards. This desire can, at many times, become unhealthy and lead to problems such as anorexia, bulimia, and self-hate. 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Business Community Management International Marketing Strategy

Question: Discuss about the Business Community Management for International Marketing Strategy? Answer: Introduction In the recent trends, cultures and structures are essential for every organization to develop the organizational goals and vision along with the development of the possible ways to run the business properly. Culture and structure also play the vital role for improving the organizational performance, because without having healthy culture as well as successful organizational structure, it is not possible to run the business efficiently (Varbanova, 2013). Contextually, Vauxhall organization, selected to assess the cultures and structures along with its importance. Vauxhall is the leading dealer, which provides quality based new as well as used cars. The organization by engaging with many dealers in various countries has been able to provide the new and used cars along with service to the customers successfully (Now Vauxhall, 2015). This paper intends to explain about the structures and cultures of Vauxhall along with the implications for strategy development of the organization. This paper also highlights the competitive environment of the organization. Moreover, it also intends to explain about the internal as well as external barriers faced by the organization along with the possible measures to overcome the barriers. Structures and Cultures of Vauxhall Vauxhall is a leading car manufacturing organization, which is also a part of General Motors. One of the major missions of the organization is to build long-term relationship with its customers, suppliers and other stakeholders. Therefore, the team members of the organization worked together to satisfy the needs of its customers and attain the organizational goals. Moreover, the major goal of the organization is to satisfy the requirements of the customers along with employees, as it leads to the increase in profitability (Hartlieb Leber, 2016). On the other hand, by satisfying the needs of employees and providing equal employees to every employee, it is also possible to mitigate the conflict problem and maintain healthy environment within the organization. The organization majorly focuses on the decentralized organizational structure to make effective decision with the help of team members for mitigating its problems and barriers. The organization also focuses on satisfying the nee ds of employees to reduce the management conflict and maintain the healthy environment within the organization (BSI, 2016). The team members of the organization also take part in the decision-making process along with the manager. Therefore, the team members of the organization maintain good collaboration with each other to maintain effective organizational culture. Moreover, senior employees of the organization also help and support junior employees, so that they can perform their task successfully and attain the respective goals (Hartlieb Leber, 2016). In addition to the above context, the organization also focuses on cross-functional team structure for providing best products based on the needs of the customers. The marketing structure of the organization integrally involves delivery of the products to a particular group of customers. The organization also provide healthy as well as safety environment along with better infrastructure to the employees so that they are able to perform their tasks effectively on time (Sheppard, 2013). The organization also focuses on international marketing to expand the business in various countries and improve its financial growth. Moreover, the organization also focuses on effective communication system so that the employees are able to communicate with each other related to their work and solve the problem as per their needs. In this regard, by focusing on effective communication system, it is also possible to maintain the successful collaboration among the employees and mitigate the internal as well as external barriers faced by the organization (Persona Associates Limited, 2011). Figure 1: Organizational Structure Source: (Prepared for the Study) Based on the above diagram of organizational structure, it is apparent that Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the higher authority of Vauxhall, who divide the work among the various departments to complete the operational work smoothly and run the business effectively. Other departments of the organization, such as operations, finance, and HR also play the vital role in achieving the organizational goals. Implication for Strategy Development Vauxhall needs to focus on new aspects and elements to develop the strategy and enhance the business performance. One of the major implications for strategy development is that the organization needs to focus on customers requirements along with the design as well as promotion of products (Vauxhall, 2016). Moreover, the organization also needs to focus on the performance of employees and their ability towards strategy development, because employees play the vital role in developing effective strategy for the improvement of products quality and business performance. Therefore, the organization needs to hire expertise employees who have the capability to develop useful as well as effective strategies based on the current trends for the success of the business (Vauxhall, 2011). Industrys Competitive Environment Vauxhall majorly focuses on producing environment friendly products to satisfy the demands of customers, and thereby increase the sale of products in the market. The major competitors of Vauxhall in the market are Ford Motor, Nissan, Toyota and Honda that caused major competitive environment in the industry (Hartlieb Leber, 2016). The competitors of the organization focus on implementing advanced and innovative technology to manufacture better quality products. Therefore, due to the high competition in the market, the organization also faced the problem in terms of satisfying the demands of customers along with increasing the profitability. In this regard, it is apparent that the competitors of Vauxhall have the negative effect on the improvement of performance of the organization (Vauxhall, 2016). Internal and External Barriers Internal as well as external barriers are the major issues for Vauxhall, as these barriers create problem in terms of improvement of business performance along with its increased economic growth. To assess the internal as well as external barriers faced by the organization, the information about SWOT analysis of Vauxhall has given below. SWOT analysis is the planning method through which the assessment of the organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths Strong presence in the segment of car Environment friendly products Strong performer in sponsorship and motorsport Weaknesses The organization is solely depended on UK market Poor brand image Strong market competition Opportunities Increasing demand of Hybrid Vehicle Growth opportunities in commercial sector Threats Changing preferences of customers Increasing fuel price Figure 2: SWOT Analysis Source: (Cooley, 2000) Based on the above diagram of SWOT analysis, it is apparent that the organization has been a strong performer along with has the ability to make a strong position in the market due to its effective car segmentation (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). Moreover, the company also has the opportunity to increase the growth of commercial business due to the rising demand of Hybrid Vehicle. On the other hand, there is a high and strong competition in the international market; therefore, the organization faces the problem for satisfying the demands of customers. Also, the preferences of customers change based on the trends, which can also be a major issue for the organization for fulfilling their demands (GM, 2012). Moreover, global customers are not aware about the brand name and products provided by the company, because the organization focuses on UK market only. Due to the increased price of fuel, the organization also faces the problem in raising the sale of products such as cars, which reflects its poor financial growth (Doane MacGillivray, 2001, Cooley, 2000). Possible Ways to Overcome Barriers Based on the discussion of above section, the internal and external barriers of Vauxhall is apparent. By assessing the barriers, the organization is able to make the possible ways and strategies through which it is possible to overcome the barriers and run the business effectively. In this regard, first of all the organization needs to focus on other market outside UK for expanding its business along with the increased awareness of customers related to brand name (Doole Lowe, 2012; Fifield, 2012). Also, the organization needs to manufacture the products based on the current trends, because the preferences and demands of customers have also changed based on the changing trend. Therefore, by providing new designer and quality-based products, the organization is able to satisfy the needs of customers based on the recent trends and thereby overcome these barriers. Competition in the market are the external barriers faced by the organization, which can overcome by holding strong position in the market and delivering better-quality products as well as services to the customers. Therefore, by understanding the needs of customers and providing the same, the organization can overcome the barriers and improve its business performance (Ferrell Hartline, 2013; Bradley, 2005). Conclusion From the overall discussion, Vauxhall is a car manufacturing company, which provides new as well as used cars to the customers. The organization focuses on the cross-functional culture to hire expertise employees and provide the quality-based along with unique designer products to the customers based on their needs. The company majorly focuses on environment friendly products for satisfying the needs of the customers and thereby attempts to hold a strong position in the market. Moreover, the organization also faced certain internal as well as external barriers, such as satisfying the demands of customers due to the changes of their preferences along with the increased profitability because of high competition in the market. Therefore, the organization needs to focus on effective strategies and potential ways to overcome the barriers and improve its business performance. Conclusively, with the help of successful planning, it is possible to run the business and increase its financial g rowth. References BSI, 2016, Vauxhall, Business Community Management, viewed 27 January 2016, https://www.bsigroup.com/LocalFiles/en-GB/iso-22301/case-studies/BSI-ISO22301-Vauxhall-case-study-UK-EN.pdf Bradley, F 2005, International marketing strategy, Financial Times/Prentice Hall, USA. Cooley, P 2000, The changing environment of the european motor industry National College of Ireland, pp. 1-76. Doane, D MacGillivray, A 2001, Economic sustainability the business of staying in business, New Economics Foundation, pp. 1-52. Doole, I Lowe, R 2012, International marketing strategy: analysis, development and implementation, Cengage Learning EMEA, USA. Ferrell, O, C Hartline, M 2010, Marketing strategy, Cengage Learning, USA. Fifield, P 2012, Marketing strategy, Routledge, UK. Ferrell, O, C Hartline, M 2013, Marketing strategy, text and cases, Cengage Learning, USA. GM, 2012, GM annual report, Information, viewed 27 January 2016, Hartlieb, E Leber, M 2016, The analysis of organizational culture and structure as a basis for the implementation of knowledge management, Innovation Service Network, pp. 1-9. Now Vauxhall, 2015, New and used Vauxhall Cars around London, Swindon and Marlborough, New Cars, viewed 27 January 2016, https://www.nowvauxhall.co.uk/ Persona Associates Limited, 2011, A strategic assessment of transport investment packages to support the development of the Vauxhall nine elms batter sea opportunity area, Strategic Assessment Framework, viewed 27 January 2016, https://www.persona.uk.com/nle/B-Core_docs/C/NLE_C4.pdf Sheppard, J 2013, Company analysis synopsis, General Motor, pp. 1-11. Vauxhall, 2011, Future thinking, Vauxhall Corporate Social Responsibility 2011, viewed 27 January 2016, Vauxhall, 2016, Thinking for the future, Vauxhall Corporate Social Responsibility 2012, viewed 27 January 2016, Vauxhall, 2016, Vauxhall, Marketing Job Descriptions, viewed 27 January 2016, Varbanova, L 2013, Strategic management in the arts, Routledge, UK.

Emergent technology

According to Pitkin (137), technology is one of the most significant engines of the modern society. It plays a significant role in shaping the future and the present.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Emergent technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are critical questions regarding the impact of technological changes to organizations and individuals as well as the exact role of the individuals in managing the impact of the changes. The choices we make regarding the emergence of these technologies have a significant bearing on our success and the journey into the future (Pitkin 137). Online games are technology based entertainment. Many computer games presently are made up of a virtual environment imitating real life atmosphere as well as scientific and fictional activities. Playing online games has become a major homework and business across the globe. Many individuals young and old sit like statues bef ore the computers and handsets during work, after school or after work play the online games. Today, it is not strange to see individuals spend the whole day browsing the internet seeking for games (Nejati, Shafaei Nejati 518). The increasing recognition and attractiveness of online gaming and the live transmissions of leagues on television and internet streaming has accelerated the development of online soccer games. The rapid advancements in the online soccer games are greatly attributed to the media broadcast and the prevalence of cable television transmission channels. Particular internet protocol televisions and web portals are fully devoted to the game competitions. This has attracted several individuals and professional game players to become celebrities and fans (Ivory 223).Advertising Looking for article on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The use of web-based games and simulations has raised a lot o f concerns due to the impact it has had on the lives of the students and the lives of individuals at home and at the workplace. The new gaming technology consumes significant amount of time and has potential harmful impacts such as exposing of young minds to unhealthy commercialism, sex and violence (Ivory 223). Engaging in the online gaming has both psychological and behavioral consequences. The consequences include impact on the moods and one’s psychological state. In the workplace, boredom is disadvantageous to the organization. When the individuals engage in the online gaming activities for example and loose in a competition, it affects their concentration in the workplace because of the negative and unpleasant emotional states that arises. This moves the employee’s concentration away from the normal duties. Bored employees produce dissatisfying results which hinders promotion and puts their compensation at risk. The decreased performance may lead to termination of employment or contract (Zhang 172). Online addictions oblige individuals to engage in the internet games which later progresses and initiate behavior change. Unfavorable addictive behavior in the workplace attracts unpleasant reaction from colleagues and managers. This is because an individual finds it difficult to operate without having access to the online games. Spending any little time without access to the games leads to anxiety, depression and loneliness. These Problematic tic conditions instigate conflicts and confrontations with employers and colleagues in the workplace (Zhang 172).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Emergent technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In many countries, digital technology such as the internet games industry is regarded as one of the industries where addiction and decadent attitudes emerge. The online games have particularly affected cultural values and have become a big threat to the youth and the future of the society at large. It has also largely contributed to the leisure practices by the youth outside the limits of parental control as well as tension and boredom in the learning environments as a result of the restrictions imposed on students regarding the use of the online resources (Human Kinetics 173). Online games present a possible serious setback on one’s social development and skills. It is possible for individuals to excessively and continually discuss on particular online games whether in the office or in class, thereby giving little consideration to meaningful conversations. Studies have indicated negative social effects of certain types of online games such as the online soccer or video games. For example playing violent games is a considerable risk factor and gradually causes physical aggression (Human Kinetics 173). Conclusion Due to the rapid developments in the computer high-tech and the advancements in technology, million s of individuals and families are linked and especially via the internet. According to Zhang (172), this has led to the speedy growth in the online and video games. Living in today’s modern society demands that individuals and organizations must accept the trend and the impact of the emerging technology. Everyone must learn to select what is beneficial and discard potentially harmful materials.Advertising Looking for article on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Recognizing the unique advantages and disadvantages of particular online games helps individuals to avoid possible harm and negative side effects on their academic work and in workplaces. Individuals should no longer simply hold on to attitudes and perceptions regarding the impact of technology, instead each person should ensure a proper regulation and sound use as well as effective control of the electronic games so as to ensure minimal side effects of the recreational activities (Zhang 172). Works Cited Human Kinetics. Dimensions of leisure for life: Individuals and society. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 2010. Print. Ivory, James. Virtual lives: A reference handbook contemporary world issues. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2012. print. Nejati, Mehran., Shafaei, Azadeh., and Nejati, Mostafa. Issues in global business and management research: Proceedings of the 2008 international online conference on business and management (iocbm 2008). Florida: Universal-Publishers, 2 010. Print. Pitkin, Gary. The impact of emerging technologies on reference service and bibliographic instruction. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995. Print. Zhang, Tianbiao. Future computer, communication, control and automation. New York: Springer, 2011. Print. This article on Emergent technology was written and submitted by user Cale Bolton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.